The United States solar photovoltaic power generation case
Lachitatu, nthawi yakomweko, bungwe la US Biden lidatulutsa lipoti lowonetsa kuti pofika 2035 United States ikuyembekezeka kukwaniritsa 40% yamagetsi ake kuchokera kumagetsi adzuwa, ndipo pofika 2050 chiŵerengerochi chidzawonjezeka mpaka 45%.
Unduna wa Zamagetsi ku US udafotokoza mwatsatanetsatane gawo lofunikira la mphamvu yadzuwa pochotsa kaboni grid ya US mu Solar future Study.Kafukufukuyu akuwonetsa kuti pofika chaka cha 2035, popanda kukweza mitengo yamagetsi, mphamvu yadzuwa imatha kupereka 40 peresenti yamagetsi amtunduwo, kuyendetsa mozama kwambiri pagululi ndikupanga ntchito mpaka 1.5 miliyoni.
Lipotilo likuwonetsa kuti kukwaniritsa cholingachi kudzafunika kutumizidwa kwakukulu komanso kofanana kwa mphamvu zongowonjezwdwa ndi mfundo zamphamvu za decarbonization, mogwirizana ndi zomwe bungwe la Biden likuyesetsa kuthana ndi vuto la nyengo ndikuwonjezera mwachangu kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu zongowonjezwdwa m'dziko lonselo.
Ntchito za lipoti zomwe zikwaniritse zolingazi zidzafuna ndalama zokwana madola 562 biliyoni muzowonjezera ndalama za US zaboma ndi zapadera pakati pa 2020 ndi 2050. Panthawi imodzimodziyo, ndalama zopangira magetsi a dzuwa ndi zina zoyera zimatha kubweretsa ndalama zokwana madola 1.7 thililiyoni pazachuma, pang'onopang'ono. ndalama zathanzi zochepetsera kuipitsa.
Pofika mchaka cha 2020, mphamvu ya mphamvu ya solar yaku US yomwe idayikidwapo yafika ma watts 15 biliyoni mpaka ma watts 7.6 biliyoni, zomwe zikuwerengera 3 peresenti yamagetsi apano.
Pofika chaka cha 2035, lipotilo likuti, dziko la US lidzafunika kuwirikiza kanayi pakupanga mphamvu ya dzuwa pachaka ndikupereka magigawati 1,000 amagetsi ku gridi yoyendetsedwa ndi zongowonjezera.Pofika chaka cha 2050, dzuwa likuyembekezeredwa kupereka magetsi a 1,600 gigawatts, omwe ndi ochuluka kuposa magetsi onse omwe akugwiritsidwa ntchito ndi nyumba zogona komanso zamalonda ku United States.Kuchepetsa mphamvu yamagetsi yonse kumatha kupanga 3,000 GW ya mphamvu yadzuwa pofika chaka cha 2050 chifukwa chakuwonjezeka kwa magetsi m'magawo, zomanga ndi mafakitale.
Lipotilo likuti dziko la US liyenera kukhazikitsa ma kilowatts okwana 30 miliyoni a mphamvu ya solar pachaka kuyambira pano mpaka 2025, ndi ma kilowati 60 miliyoni pachaka kuyambira 2025 mpaka 2030. idzaperekedwa makamaka ndi mphepo (36%), nyukiliya (11% -13%), magetsi amadzi (5% -6%) ndi bioenergy/geothermal (1%).
Lipotilo limalimbikitsanso kuti kupanga zida zatsopano zowonjezeretsa kusinthasintha kwa gridi, monga kusungirako ndi ma inverters apamwamba, komanso kufalikira kwa kufalikira, kudzathandiza kusuntha dzuwa kumakona onse a US - mphepo ndi dzuwa pamodzi zidzapereka 75 peresenti ya magetsi ndi magetsi. 2035 ndi 90 peresenti pofika 2050. Kuwonjezera apo, ndondomeko zothandizira decarbonization ndi matekinoloje apamwamba zidzafunikanso kuchepetsa mtengo wa mphamvu ya dzuwa.
Malinga ndi a Huajun Wang, katswiri wa ZSE Securities, 23% CAGR ikuyembekezeka, yofanana ndi chaka chimodzi cha mphamvu zokhazikitsidwa ku US zomwe zikuyembekezeka kufika 110GW mu 2030.
Malinga ndi a Wang, "kusalowerera ndale kwa kaboni" kwakhala mgwirizano wapadziko lonse lapansi, ndipo PV ikuyembekezeka kukhala gawo lalikulu la "kusalowerera ndale":
Pazaka 10 zapitazi, mtengo wa photovoltaic kilowatt-hour watsika kuchoka pa 2.47 yuan/kWh mu 2010 kufika pa 0.37 yuan/kWh mu 2020, kutsika mpaka 85%.Photovoltaic "nyengo yamtengo wapatali" ikuyandikira, photovoltaic idzakhala "carbon neutral" mphamvu yaikulu.
Kwa mafakitale a photovoltaic, zaka khumi zikubwerazi zofunidwa kakhumi msewu waukulu.Tikuyerekeza kuti mu 2030 kukhazikitsa kwatsopano kwa PV ku China kukuyembekezeka kufika 416-536GW, ndi CAGR ya 24% -26%;Kufuna kwatsopano padziko lonse lapansi kudzafika pa 1246-1491GW, ndi CAGR ya 25% -27%.Kufunika koyikidwa kwa photovoltaic kudzakula kakhumi m'zaka khumi zikubwerazi, ndi msika waukulu.
Kufunika thandizo la "ndondomeko yayikulu".
Kafukufuku woyendera dzuwa adatengera dongosolo lalikulu la oyang'anira a Biden kuti akwaniritse gridi yopanda mpweya pofika 2035 ndikuchepetsa mphamvu zamagetsi pofika 2050.

Phukusi la zomangamanga lomwe Nyumba ya Seneti yaku US idaperekedwa mu Ogasiti idaphatikizapo mabiliyoni a madola pama projekiti amagetsi oyera, koma mfundo zingapo zofunika zidasiyidwa, kuphatikiza kukulitsa misonkho.Komabe, lingaliro la bajeti la $ 3.5 thililiyoni lomwe Nyumbayo idapereka mu Ogasiti lingaphatikizepo izi.

Makampani opangira dzuwa ku US adati lipotili likugogomezera kufunika kwamakampani kuti athandizire "ndondomeko yofunika".

Lachitatu, makampani opitilira 700 adatumiza kalata ku Congress kufuna kuonjezedwa kwanthawi yayitali komanso kuonjezeredwa kwamisonkho yobwereketsa ndalama zadzuwa ndi njira zowongolera kulimba kwa grid.

Pambuyo pazaka zakusokonekera kwa mfundo, ndi nthawi yoti tipatse makampani opanga magetsi kutsimikizika kwa mfundo zomwe akufunikira kuti ayeretse gululi, kupanga mamiliyoni a ntchito zofunika ndikumanga chuma champhamvu champhamvu, atero Abigail Ross Hopper, Purezidenti wa American Solar Energy Industries Association. .

Hopper anatsindika kuti kuwonjezeka kwakukulu kwa mphamvu zadzuwa zomwe zaikidwa n'zotheka, koma "ndondomeko yofunikira ikufunika.

Distributed Solar Power Technology
Pakadali pano, mapanelo wamba a solar PV amalemera ma kilogalamu 12 pa lalikulu mita.Ma module a amorphous silicon woonda-filimu amalemera ma kilogalamu 17 pa lalikulu mita

Maphunziro a zochitika za solar PV systems ku United States
Maiko 10 apamwamba kwambiri padziko lonse lapansi opanga magetsi adzuwa!

1.China 223800 (THH)

2. USA 108359 (THH)

3. Japan 75274 (THH)

4. Germany 47517 (THH)

5. India 46268 (TWH)

6. Italy 24326 (TWH)

7. Australia 17951 (THH)

8. Spain 15042 (THH)

9. United Kingdom 12677 (TWH)

10.Mexico 12439 (TWH)

Ndi chithandizo champhamvu cha mfundo za dziko, msika wa PV waku China watulukira mwachangu ndikutukuka kukhala msika waukulu kwambiri wa solar PV.

Kupanga mphamvu za dzuwa ku China kumapanga pafupifupi 60% ya mphamvu zonse padziko lapansi.

Phunziro la Solar Photovoltaic Power Generation System ku United States
SolarCity ndi kampani yaku US yopangira magetsi adzuwa yomwe imagwira ntchito bwino pakupanga mapulojekiti opangira magetsi opangira nyumba ndi malonda.Ndiwotsogoleli wotsogola wamakina amagetsi adzuwa ku United States, omwe amapereka chithandizo chokwanira cha solar monga kapangidwe ka makina, kukhazikitsa, komanso ndalama ndi kuyang'anira ntchito yomanga, kuti apereke mphamvu kwa makasitomala pamitengo yotsika kuposa zida zamagetsi.Masiku ano, kampaniyo imalemba anthu opitilira 14,000.

Chiyambireni kukhazikitsidwa kwake mu 2006, SolarCity yakula mwachangu, ndikuyika kwa solar kuchulukirachulukira kuchoka pa 440 megawatts (MW) mu 2009 mpaka 6,200 MW mu 2014, ndipo idalembedwa pa NASDAQ mu Disembala 2012.

Pofika chaka cha 2016, SolarCity ili ndi makasitomala opitilira 330,000 m'maboma 27 ku United States.Kuphatikiza pa bizinesi yake yoyendera dzuwa, SolarCity idagwirizananso ndi Tesla Motors kuti ipereke chinthu chosungiramo mphamvu zapanyumba, Powerwall, kuti igwiritsidwe ntchito ndi mapanelo adzuwa.

US Photovoltaic Power Plants
First Solar America FirstSolar, Nasdaq:FSLR

Kampani yaku US solar photovoltaic
Trina Solar ndi kampani yodalirika yokhala ndi malo ogwira ntchito ogwirizana komanso ubwino wabwino.("Trina Solar") ndiye wamkulu kwambiri padziko lonse lapansi wopereka ma module a photovoltaic komanso wotsogola wopereka mayankho athunthu a solar photovoltaic, omwe adakhazikitsidwa mu 1997 ku Changzhou, m'chigawo cha Jiangsu, ndipo adalembedwa ku New York Stock Exchange ku 2006. Pofika kumapeto kwa 2017, Trina Solar adakhala woyamba padziko lonse lapansi potengera kuchuluka kwa ma module a PV.

Trina Solar yakhazikitsa likulu lake lachigawo ku Ulaya, America ndi Middle East ya Asia Pacific ku Zurich, Switzerland, San Jose, California ndi Singapore, komanso maofesi ku Tokyo, Madrid, Milan, Sydney, Beijing ndi Shanghai.Trina Solar yayambitsa matalente apamwamba ochokera m'mayiko ndi madera oposa 30, ndipo ili ndi malonda m'mayiko ndi madera oposa 100 padziko lonse lapansi.

Pa Seputembara 1, 2019, Trina Solar adayikidwa pa nambala 291 pamndandanda wamakampani opanga ma 500 a China Top 500, ndipo mu June 2020, adasankhidwa kukhala amodzi mwa "2019 Top 100 Innovative Enterprises in Jiangsu Province".

US PV Technology
Osati makampani aboma.

Ltd. ndi kampani ya photovoltaic ya dzuwa yomwe inakhazikitsidwa ndi Dr. Qu Xiaowar mu November 2001 ndipo inalembedwa bwino pa NASDAQ mu 2006, kampani yoyamba ya photovoltaic ya ku China yophatikizidwa ku NASDAQ (NASDAQ code: CSIQ).

Ltd. imakhazikika mu R&D, kupanga ndi malonda a silicon ingots, zopyapyala, ma cell adzuwa, ma module adzuwa ndi zinthu zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi dzuwa, komanso kukhazikitsa makina opangira magetsi adzuwa, ndi zinthu zake za photovoltaic zimagawidwa m'maiko opitilira 30 ndi zigawo. m’makontinenti 5, kuphatikizapo Germany, Spain, Italy, United States, Canada, Korea, Japan ndi China.

Kampaniyo imaperekanso khoma lotchinga magalasi a photovoltaic ndi kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu za dzuwa kwa makasitomala padziko lonse lapansi, ndipo imayang'anira njira zothetsera dzuwa pamisika yapadera monga makampani apanyanja, zothandizira komanso makampani opanga magalimoto.

Photovoltaic Power Generation USA
Kodi lingaliro la makampani amakono a utumiki ndi chiyani?Lingaliro ili ndi lapadera ku China ndipo silinatchulidwe kunja.Malinga ndi akatswiri ena apakhomo, zomwe zimatchedwa kuti ntchito zamakono zamakono zimagwirizana ndi makampani amtundu wautumiki, kuphatikizapo mitundu ina yatsopano ya makampani othandizira, monga ukadaulo wazidziwitso ndi ntchito, ndalama, malo, ndi zina zambiri, komanso kumaphatikizapo kukhazikitsidwa kwa njira zamakono, zida ndi mafomu abizinesi amakampani azachikhalidwe.

Kuphatikiza pa gulu lachikale komanso lamakono, palinso gulu molingana ndi chinthu chautumiki, ndiye kuti, makampani ogwirira ntchito amagawidwa m'magulu atatu: imodzi ndi mafakitale ogwiritsira ntchito, imodzi ndi makampani opanga ntchito, ndi imodzi. ndi ntchito zaboma.Pakati pawo, ntchito zapagulu zimatsogozedwa ndi boma kuti zipereke, ndipo ntchito yogwiritsira ntchito chakudya ikadali bwino ku China, koma gulu lapakati, ndiko kuti, makampani opanga ntchito zopangira, omwe amadziwikanso kuti ntchito zopindulitsa, kusiyana pakati pawo. China ndi mayiko otukuka padziko lonse lapansi ndi aakulu kwambiri.

Makampani a Photovoltaic nthawi zambiri amamveka kuti ndi a gawo lachiwiri, koma, kwenikweni, photovoltaic imakhudzanso ntchito zogwirira ntchito, ndipo, zomwe dziko lathu limatcha makampani amakono a ntchito, zomwe zili m'gulu la mafakitale ogwira ntchito. .M'nkhaniyi, ena kukambirana pa izi.Apa, ine photovoltaic makampani chimakwirira kapena nawo makampani utumiki, otchedwa photovoltaic utumiki makampani.

Malo opangira magetsi a solar ku United States
Malo akulu kwambiri padziko lonse lapansi opangira magetsi adzuwa, omwe ali ku United States California ndi Nevada malire.Dzinali ndi Ivanpah Solar Power Station, yomwe ili ndi dera lalikulu ma kilomita 8.Nthawi zambiri, mphamvu ya dzuwa imatengedwa kuti ndiyo yokhayo yomwe sichitha kutha.Chomera champhamvu cha dzuwa cha Ivanpah chinakhazikitsa ma solar 300,000, omwe ali ndi udindo wosonkhanitsa mphamvu zopangira magetsi.

Ofufuza apeza mbalame zambiri zopsereza ndi kutenthedwa ndi nyama zina zakuthengo m'malire a fakitale yaikulu kwambiri padziko lonse yopangira magetsi oyendera dzuwa, yotchedwa Ivanpah Solar Power Plant.Monga momwe anthu amaganizira kuti ndiye gwero lokhalo losatha lachilengedwe koma likuwononga chilengedwe.